{"id":10733,"date":"2022-11-09T04:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-09T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/verschluss.de\/?p=10733"},"modified":"2022-11-09T08:22:28","modified_gmt":"2022-11-09T07:22:28","slug":"wachsmotte_blog","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/verschluss.de\/en\/pfefferkorn\/wachsmotte_blog\/","title":{"rendered":"Motte vs. Kunststoff"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Anfang 2017 entdeckte eine Imkerin Larven der Wachsmotten auf ihren Bienenwaben. Sie sammelte sie ab und steckte sie zun\u00e4chst in eine Plastikt\u00fcte. Kurze Zeit sp\u00e4ter waren die Larven wieder auf freiem Fu\u00df und die Plastikt\u00fcte voller L\u00f6cher. Die Larven hatten die Plastikt\u00fcte durchl\u00f6chert.<\/p>

Zum Gl\u00fcck handelte es sich bei der Imkerin um die spanische Biologin Federica Bertocchini, die diesem Ph\u00e4nomen nat\u00fcrlich auf den Grund gehen wollte. Sollte es tats\u00e4chlich m\u00f6glich sein, dass diese Mottenlarven in der Lage sind, Kunststoffe zu fressen?<\/p>

Bertocchini und ihre Kollegen konnten in Versuchen nachweisen, dass die Larven der Wachsmotte innerhalb von nur 40 Minuten L\u00f6cher in Polyethylen-Folien fra\u00dfen.<\/p>

Leider stellte sich einige Zeit sp\u00e4ter heraus, dass die Mottenlarven das PE nicht zersetzen, sondern lediglich zerkleinern. Auch die geringen Mengen, die die Raupe aufnimmt, werden unver\u00e4ndert wieder ausgeschieden.<\/p>

Mittlerweile kommen die Larven der Wachsmotte aber wieder ins Spiel:
Die spanischen Forscher konnten nun nachweisen, dass eine einst\u00fcndige Einwirkungen des Speichels der Wachsmottenlarven Polyethylen<\/a> so zersetzt wie eine mehrj\u00e4hrige Verwitterung. Grund daf\u00fcr sind zwei Enzyme, die bei Raumtemperatur den Abbau von Polyethylen einleiten.<\/p>

Damit Kunststoff verwittert, muss zun\u00e4chst Sauerstoff in das Polymer eindringen k\u00f6nnen. Dies erfolgt normalerweise durch Witterungseinfl\u00fcsse wie Sonneneinstrahlung oder Temperaturen innerhalb von Monaten oder sogar Jahren. Die beiden Enzyme im Speichel der Wachsmottenlarve (Demetra und Ceres aus der Familie der Phenoloxidase-Enzyme) beginnen bereits nach einer Stunde mit der Oxidierung des Kunststoffes.<\/p>

Die Forscher hoffen nun nat\u00fcrlich, damit einen alternativen L\u00f6sungsweg zur umweltgerechten Entsorgung von Kunststoff gefunden zu haben.<\/p>

Foto: Wachsmotte (Quelle: pixabay.com)<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Speichel der Wachsmottenlarve enth\u00e4lt Enzyme, die Polyethylen zersetzen k\u00f6nnen<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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